A considerable variety of exercises is employed in all the units to familiarize the students with different learning situations and promote students’ interest and motivation. are presented repeatedly in various contexts to strengthen students’ language command. Different medical concepts, vocabulary items, medical terms, etc. It is ascertained that all language areas should follow a logical academic progression to achieve optimum learning. Each unit is designed to be taught in two weeks. Each unit has plenty of exercises to not only give integrated practice in all the four skills but also in grammar and medical terminology. Reading passages of moderate length have been carefully selected from Microsoft Encyclopedia Encarta Premium (2006) about different human body organs to be exploited for achieving the above-mentioned goals. To achieve this goal, this textbook ensures an integrated practice in all language skills along with emphasizing the other important language areas of vocabulary, grammar, pronunciation and medical terminology. The purpose of this book is not to teach medicine but its aim is to inculcate the academic ability in the students to go to a textbook, a journal or a reference book, to any oral presentation or a classroom lecture, to an interactive academic session, to online resources, on a medical topic and to prepare them to understand, extract and utilize the required information in an effective and efficient manner. ![]() This textbook is designed to cater for their specific needs by considering their culturally driven preferred learning styles. What adaptation have amphibians developed to help maintain separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood within the heart? Spiral valve Which features of the skeletal system in frogs represent specific adaptations for jumping? Urostyle, tibiofibula, metatarsals Which two accessory digestive organs release compounds into the duodenum through the bile duct? Pancreas and liver What is the functional difference between a cloaca and an anus? Anus only releases feces, cloaca releases urine, feces, gametes How many chambers does a frog heart have? Is the circulatory system open or closed? Three chambers, closed Describe how a portal system differs from a regular circulatory pathway In circulatory, blood flows from capillary beds to the heart.This textbook is a logical outcome of a comprehensive research project carried out at College of Medicine and Medical Sciences(CMMS) by the author of this textbook during 2008 that determined the linguistic and non-linguistic needs, the academic level and the preferred learning styles of the students at CMMS.
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